The U.S. new-generation lunar rocket "Artemis 1"
was originally scheduled to launch on the 27th, because a tropical storm may
have passed the launch site that day. Several attempts to launch Artemis 1
failed due to engine failure and fuel leaks.
The cancellation of the Sept. 27 launch marked the fourth
delay in the planned U.S. lunar rocket launch. On August 29, NASA's first
attempt to launch "Artemis 1" was cancelled due to an engine failure.
On September 3, the launch was postponed again due to the leakage of liquid
hydrogen. After experiencing multiple fuel leak problems, on September 21, NASA
finally successfully completed a fuel test of the rocket. The third launch,
which was supposed to take place on September 23, was delayed to the 27th due
to various preparation issues.
NASA decided to cancel the launch after a meeting early
on the 24th. The NASA website announced that it will decide whether to
transport Artemis 1 back to the final assembly building depending on the
weather conditions on the 25th. The Associated Press reported that if the
rocket is transported back to the final assembly building, the launch attempt
may not be attempted until November at the earliest.
According to the weather forecast, Tropical Storm
"Ian", currently in the Caribbean Sea, may develop into a hurricane
by the 26th and reach the Florida coast by the 29th. The entire state of
Florida, including the Kennedy Space Center, is on the likely path of the eye
of the storm.
According to the report, this is the first time the
United States has carried out another moon landing plan in half a century. The
Associated Press quoted NASA senior test director Jeffs Poulding as saying that
the moon landing team has been overcoming technical problems with fuel leaks
for the past few months.
According to the Associated Press, on April 1 this year,
NASA began a two-day critical test of its Space Launch System (SLS) heavy
rocket and a simulated countdown. But a leak of hydrogen fuel interrupted the
"dress rehearsal" and NASA carried out "extensive repair
work". In 2 tests conducted in June, there were still leaks of hydrogen
fuel.
It is understood that the rocket used in this lunar
landing plan is 98 meters high and weighs about 2,495 tons when filled with
propellant. It is the "most powerful rocket" NASA has ever built,
"even more than half a century ago. used 'Saturn V' rocket".
The U.S. says if its mission goes well, astronauts will
land on the moon in 2024, and two people will land on the moon in 2025. Prior
to this, the "Space Launch System" carried the "Orion"
spacecraft to carry out an unmanned flight test code-named "Artemis
1" around the moon. After the success of this mission, the "Artemis
2" manned flight test will be carried out.
"Artemis 1" unmanned flight around the moon for
42 days. The Orion spacecraft will fly as close as 60 miles above the moon, and
a major focus of the test mission is to study the risks posed by radiation to
astronauts.
Orion was originally scheduled to return to Earth on
October 10, landing on the coast of California. If all goes well, NASA says the
U.S. will send manned spacecraft to the moon within the next few years.
However, officials have also warned that the mission is high-risk and the
mission time may be shortened.
According to industry insiders, the progress of the U.S.
moon landing rocket has not been smooth. The first is unrealistic planning. In
2005, the United States formulated a plan to land on the moon. The plan was to
use this launch vehicle, which has been repeatedly delayed, and the investment
in development costs is bottomless. Its R&D planning is very unscientific
and imprecise. $30 billion has been invested before and after, and a lot of
money is still needed.
The second is technically contrary to science. This SLS
rocket has three engines, namely solid booster, core-level main engine, and
core-level secondary engine: the solid booster is the main booster, and the
booster recovered after it was used in the past is still in use; The core-level
main engine is a low-temperature hydrogen-oxygen engine, but it is not
coordinated with other components; the core-level secondary engine was
developed and manufactured in the 1960s, and its technology and materials have
long since aged.
Furthermore, they are structurally incompatible with each
other. The engine of this rocket is located at the right rear of the combination,
carrying both the combustion agent and the oxidizer; after the rocket is
ignited, the two agents enter the combustion chamber at the same time, and the
gas flow is ejected from the tail to form the rocket thrust. In modern times,
there are new technologies such as extrusion cycle, gas generator cycle,
electric pump cycle, staged combustion cycle, closed and open expansion cycle,
etc., but they still use the old structure; the current high-performance
rockets in developed countries are also at the same time. The two-agent is
pressurized, but in order to prevent incomplete combustion, a staged combustion
cycle is often used. American nozzles are heavy and uncoordinated, and their
regulating valves repeatedly fail due to aging components and repeated use.
Beijing Business Daily comprehensive report
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